The criminal fascinates us even as he repels us. Like Cain, he is not his brother's keeper. Like the serpent, he tempts us to guilty knowledge and disobedience. He is to men what Lucifer was to the angels, the eternal outcast and rebel, challenging all the assumptions of the moral order and risking heaven to do so. We are dismayed by his often dark and bloody deeds, and we run from him when the sun goes down, leaving the streets of our central cities dark and deserted. But even as we escape in terror, we seek him out in our imagination, as though he held locked within him some dirty secret of our own. He is, after all, a brother, acting out the primitive part in us that we struggle to keep dark. He is hated for being too much like us; he is envied for his freedom and the blessed gift of unrepentance.

Ysabel Rennie

The purpose of this Second Edition is to provide a comprehensive range of perspectives on topics and issues critical to the study of criminal justice. We have selected readings from many sources, including recent criminal justice research monographs and articles from the professional and academic literature, case studies, sociological, phychological, and criminological analyses, the popular media and literature, as well as historical and philosophical approaches to understanding the complex issues confronting criminal justice today. This interdisciplinary approach provides a broad coverage of the various topics and issues, presented in an interesting and readable format. We believe that the selections will capture the students' and teachers' imagination and help make the fascinating study of criminal justice even more appealing.

In this edition we have included 27 new chapters and have updated and revised three others. Others we have left as is. Some of those may appear by their copyright dates to be outdated. We believe, however, that some materials, regardless of their original date of publication, remain valid, vibrant and important contributions to the knowledge base of criminal justice. Lawrence Sherman's brilliant chapter entitled "Learning Police Ethics" is one of these, as is Herman Goldstein's classic paper, "The New Policing: Confronting Complexity." Likewise, Craig Uchida's chapter on the history of policing is not in need of updating. We have retained these and several others for their valuable insights which have not been made obsolete by time or new research.

The second edition is divided into four sections or topic areas: (1) Crime and Justice in America; (2) The Police in America; (3) Adjudication and Sentencing; and, (4) Jails, Prisons, and Community-Based Corrections. Each section contains selected discussions and analyses of current issues and problems, ethical consideration, and materials related to criminal justice career opportunities, including employment standards and qualifications, and strategies for pursing employment in the public or private sector of criminal justice. Each section is preceded by brief comments by the editors and is followed by questions to stimulate classroom discussion. In the first edition we included a fifth section on the future of criminal justice, "Looking Toward the 21^st Century." In reorganizing, the book for this second edition we moved those "futures" chapters into the sections in which they were most relevant. Thus, each section now contains one or more chapters in which the possible future directions of the criminal justice system are analyzed and discussed. Crime and Justice in America: Present Realities and Future Prospects, Second Edition also contains an index to assist the reader in locating topics of interest.

This volume may readily be used as a stand-alone text for introductory criminal justice courses or as a supplement to most introductory texts. We have also sought to provide readings that create a balance between theory and practice; that promote critical thought about current criminal justice issues; and that encourage a vision for the future. As criminal justice teachers with a combined thirty years teaching and research and over two decades of experience in criminal justice practice and administration, we realize the need to present students with materials that challenge their minds yet keep their interest and make them want to read further. We believe we have accomplished that goal in this volume.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Many persons helped make this second edition a reality. Primary among them are our students. We have endeavored to make this book readable, informative and to the extent possible in a textbook, exciting. They told us which of the first edition articles they liked and disliked and suggested changes. We thank them for their continuing efforts to educate us as we attempt to educate them.

Secondly, we owe a great debt to those faculty members across the country who reviewed the first edition and suggested changes and improvements to this new edition. We are particularly grateful for the efforts of Professors Clyde Cronkhite, Western Illinois University, Tere Chipman, Fayetteville Technical Community College, Barry Schmelzer, St. Ambrose University and Stacy Wyland of the University of Hawaii at Hilo.

We also owe a debt of gratitude to those authors whose work is reproduced here. This book is their work. We have simply selected the best examples of research to illustrate and illuminate the topics.

Our efforts were greatly assisted by the School of Community Affairs staff at Wichita State University. These stalwart individuals, Cathy Blackmore, Dee Pritchett and Bill Artz provided invaluable support. Finally we thank our editors at Prentice-Hall, Kim Davies and Cheryl Adam, and our project manager at Clarinda Publications Services, Rosie Jones. Their assistance and encouragement made our task easier and more efficient.

Wilson Palacios
Tampa, Florida

Paul Cromwell
Wichita, Kansas

Roger Dunham
Coral

This interesting and readable book covers a broad range of perspectives on various topics and issues critical to the American criminal justice system. It contains readings from many sources, as well as historical and philosophical approaches to understanding the complexities confronting the field of criminal justice today. The selected readings are organized under four major topical areas: Crime and Justice in America; The Police in America; Adjudication and Sentencing; and Jails, Prisons, and Community-based Corrections. For individuals working within�or simply interested in� the American criminal justice system.

I. CRIME AND JUSTICE IN AMERICA.

II. THE POLICE IN AMERICA.

III. ADJUDICATION AND SENTENCING.

IV. JAILS, PRISONS, AND COMMUNITY-BASED CORRECTIONS.

Index.