What is religion? How is it to be explained? Why do human beings believe in divinities? Why do the beliefs and
behaviors we typically describe as religious so deeply affect the human personality and so subtly weave their way
through human society?
Introducing Religion: Readings from the Classic Theorists presents eleven key texts from influential theorists
who played a pivotal role in the modern enterprise of explaining the phenomenon of religion. These writings seek
to account for the origin, function, and enduring human appeal of religion by drawing on methods of scientific
scholarship unconstrained by theological creeds or confessional commitments.
An ideal companion to author Daniel L. Pals' textbook, Eight Theories of Religion, Second Edition, or other beginning
texts, Introducing Religion opens with selections from the works of Edward Burnett Tylor and James Frazer--Victorian
pioneers in anthropology and the comparative study of religion. It then offers entry into the provocative analyses
of Sigmund Freud, Emile Durkheim, and Karl Marx, whose aggressive reductionist approaches framed the explanatory
debate for much of the century to follow. Responses to reductionist theories--and new directions in explanation--claim
a place in selections from the works of philosopher-psychologist William James, theologian Rudolf Otto, sociologist
Max Weber, and comparativist Mircea Eliade. The volume ends with discussions drawn from the celebrated field studies
of British anthropologist E. E. Evans-Pritchard and the interpretive anthropology of American theorist Clifford
Geertz, whose fieldwork took him to both Asia and the Middle East. Brief career portraits of the theorists atthe
outset of each chapter give context to the readings, and a general introduction features guiding questions designed
to help students assess and compare the different theories.
Offering an illuminating overview of this controversial and engaging subject, Introducing Religion: Readings from
the Classic Theorists is ideal for introductory courses in religion as well as courses in method and theory of
religion, world religions, and sociology, psychology, or anthropology of religion.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
1. Animism and the Origin of Religion, E. B. Tylor
2. Magic and the Rise of Religion, James Frazer
3. Religion as Neurosis, Sigmund Freud
4. The Social as Sacred, Emile Durkheim
5. Religion as Agent of Economic Oppression, Karl Marx
6. The Testimony of Religious Experience, William James
7. Religion and the Sense of the "Numinous," Rudolf Otto
8. Religion and Culture Interwoven, Max Weber
9. Religion as Response to the Sacred, Mircea Eliade
10. Primitive Religion and Modern Theories, E. E. Evans-Pritchard
11. Religion as World-view and Ethic, Clifford Geertz