Thurman, Harold V. : Emeritus, Mt. San Antonio College
Trujillo, Alan P. : Palomar College
Summary
For introductory courses in Oceanography found in department of Geology or Oceanography.
The 10th edition of this popular text continues to provide carefully developed content examining the vast body
of oceanic knowledge. Its interdisciplinary approach--spanning geology, chemistry, physics, and biology--allows
students to have a fundamental understanding of how oceans work.
Features :
NEW - Organized around three central components:
1. Concepts: General ideas derived or inferred from specific instances or occurrences (Ex. the concept of density
can be used to explain why the oceans are layered).
2. Processes: Actions or occurrences that bring about a result (Ex. the process of waves breaking at an angle
to the shore results in the movement of sediment along the shoreline).
3. Principles: Rules or laws concerning the functioning of natural phenomena or mechanical processes (Ex. the
principle of sea floor spreading suggests that the geographic positions of the continents have changed through
time).
NEW - Two major changes.
1. Combining chapters on "The Physical Properties of Water and Seawater" and "The Chemistry
of Seawater" into one chapter on "Water and Seawater".
2. Splitting the chapter on "Exploitation and Pollution of Marine Resources" from the previous edition
and adding additional information to create two new chapters on "Marine Resources" Ch. 17 and "Marine
Environmental Concerns" Ch. 18.
NEW - Increased emphasis on Scientific Method included in the NEW Introduction.
Explains the methodology and helps students understand how the scientific method helps increase our knowledge
of the world we live in.
NEW - Boxed Features--Includes 31 new boxed features that focus on some of the most recent discoveries in oceanography.
These boxed features are organized around three themes:
1. Research Methods in Oceanography.
2. People and the Ocean Environment.
3. Historical Features.
NEW - Key Questions--Introduce each chapter; these are linked to new highlighted "Concept Statements"
within the text of the chapter.
Enables students to know the key points that the chapters cover, so they read more efficiently.
NEW - "Students Sometimes Ask..." questions--Contained within each chapter.
Shows students their peers' actual questions along with authors' answers, maintaining a high level of interest.
NEW - New appendix--Titled "Careers in Oceanography."
Helps students decide upon a possible career in the field.
Extensive revision to the art, photos and tables incuding:
Over 100 new photographs and illustrations.
Modification of over 150 existing figures.
Use of the SI Units and English System Units.
Comprehensive Instructor's Package--Including a Transparency Set of over 150 acetates of key illustrations
from the text; the Instructor's Resource CD-ROM, which contains all illustrations, tables, and selected photographs
from the text; Instructor's Manual with a completely revised Test Item File.
Provides instructors flexibility in using the text and package to fit their own curriculum.
Table of Contents
(NOTE: Each chapter opens with 'Key Questions' and concludes with a 'Chapter in Review' section, 'Key Terms,'
'Questions and Exercises,' and an 'Oceanography on the Web' section.)
Introduction
What Is Oceanography?
Earth's Oceans
Rational Use of Technology?
The Nature of Scientific Inquiry
1. Planet Ocean: A Historical Perspective
Geography of the Oceans
Early Exploration of the Seas
The Beginnings of Ocean Science
Twentieth Century Oceanography and Beyond
A Human Presence in the Ocean
2. Origins: Beginnings of the Universe, Earth, and Life
Origin of the Universe
Origin of the Solar System and Earth
Rocks and Minerals
Origin of the Atmosphere and the Oceans
Cycling and Mass Balance
Origin of Life
Radiometric Dating and the Geologic Time Scale
3. Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
Evidence for Continental Drift
Evidence for Plate Tectonics
Earth Structure
Plate Boundaries
Testing the Model: Some Applications of Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics
To Be Continued
4. Marine Provinces
Bathymetry
The Hypsographic Curve
Provinces of the Ocean Floor
5. Marine Sediments
Lithogenous Sediment
Biogenous Sediment
Hydrogenous Sediment
Cosmogenous Sediment
Mixtures
Distribution of Neritic and Pelagic Deposits: A Summary
6. Water and Seawater
Atomic Structure
The Water Molecule
Water's Thermal Properties
Water Density
Seawater
Dissolved Components Added and Removed from Seawater
Dissolved Gases in Seawater
Acidity and Alkalinity of Seawater
Processes Affecting Seawater Salinity
Surface and Depth Salinity Variation
Seawater Density
Comparing Pure Water and Seawater
7. Air-Sea Interaction
Uneven Solar Heating on Earth
The Coriolis Effect
Atmospheric Circulation Cells on a Spinning Earth
The Oceans, Weather, and Climate
Sea Ice
Icebergs
The Atmosphere's Greenhouse Effect
8. Ocean Circulation
Measuring Ocean Currents
Surface Currents
Upwelling and Downwelling
Surface Currents of the Oceans
Deep Currents
9. Waves and Water Dynamics
What Causes Waves? How Waves Move
Wave Characteristics
Wind-Generated Waves
Tsunami
10. Tides
Generating Tides
Tides in the Ocean
11. The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes
The Coastal Region
Erosional- and Depositional-Type Shores
Emerging and Submerging Shorelines
Characteristics of U.S.
Coasts
Hard Stabilization
12. Coastal Waters and Marginal Seas
Coastal Water Circulation
Estuaries
Coastal Wetlands
Lagoons
Marginal Seas
13. The Marine Habitat
Classification of Living Things
Classification of Marine Organisms
Distribution of Life in the Oceans
Adaptations of Organisms to the Marine Environment
Divisions of the Marine Environment
14. Biological Productivity and Energy Transfer
Primary Productivity
Photosynthetic Marine Organisms
Regional Productivity
Energy Flow
Biogeochemical Cycling
Tropic Levels and Biomass Pyramids
15. Animals of the Pelagic Environment
Staying above the Ocean Floor
Adaptations for Seeking Prey
Adaptations to Avoid Being Prey
Marine Mammals
Laws and Regulations
Ecosystems and Fisheries
Mariculture
Energy Resources
Geologic Resources
Chemical Resources
18. Marine Environmental Concerns
What Is Pollution?
Main Types of Marine Pollution
Other Concerns
Current Laws Governing Marine Pollution
Afterward
Appendix I: Metric and English Units Compared
Appendix II: Geographic Locations
Appendix III: Latitude and Longitude on Earth
Appendix IV: A Chemical Background: Why Water Has 2 H's and 1 O
Appendix V: Careers in Oceanography
Appendix VI: Taxonomic Classification of Common Marine Organisms
Glossary
Index
