Crises happen, and when they do organizations must be prepared to communicate effectively with their internal and external stakeholders, and with the public. Today, crisis communication has evolved from a public relations paradigm of reactive image control to an examination of both internal and external communication, which requires proactive as well as reactive planning. This innovative book adds theoretical coverage and practical application to the more traditional study of crisis communication through case analysis. It prepares readers by: providing a theoretical framework for understanding crisis communication; examining the recommendations of academics and practitioners; reviewing cases that required effective communication during crises; and, describing the steps and stages for communication planning. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.