Lamont, Michele : Princeton University

Michèle Lamont is Professor of Sociology at Princeton University.

Many interpreters of current society have posited that class is no longer a useful concept as a basis for identity. This book, based on hundreds of interviews with American and French workers, rejects that analysis...It is fascinating reading, an important contribution to a reexamination of class.

--J. Wishnia, Choice

Was there actually a set of values that could be considered distinctly "working class" in character, that represented a distinctly working-class worldview? One of the most sophisticated recent attempts to answer this question appeared in the recent study The Dignity of Working Men...[Lamont] recognized that asking workers to choose their most important values from a prepared list would essentially force their replies into a predetermined mold that had little to do with their real-world thoughts and feelings. Lamont used instead open-ended and non-directive questions. She interviewed 150 blue-collar workers, black and white, in the United States and in France, and compared them with middle-class people in both countries. Her questions asked workers to describe people who were similar to them and people who were different, people they liked and disliked, and those to whom they felt superior or inferior. Follow-up questions probed why they felt as they did, spontaneously eliciting a complex pattern of moral judgements and values. Both work and family did indeed emerge among the blue-collar workers' core values. But the real significance lay in how those were perceived.

--Andrew Levinson , The Nation

Michele Lamont's study of working-class men in the USA and France is...the most interesting contribution to this field for quite some time, and should serve as a benchmark for future scholarly debate...This is a really innovative and challenging book and it needs to be read as widely as possible...The Dignity of Working Men has all the potential to become a classic.

--John Solomos, Ethnic and Racial Studies [UK]

The Dignity of Working Men is an outstanding example of comparative ethnography. Through a series of careful and thoughtful interviews, Michèle Lamont reveals the moral standards ordinary workers use in evaluating their fellow citizens. In this engaging book, Lamont also provides an interesting comparison between workers in the United States and France on the criteria used to draw class and racial boundaries.

--William Julius Wilson, Harvard University and author of When Work Disappears

Lamont's book is a classic in the making. It breaks new ground as a major in-depth study of comparative racism. It will also broaden the horizons of social class studies. The Dignity of Working Men opens up a wider perspective, so that by looking at French racial conflict, American racial conflict looks less fixed, less inevitable. There are alternative patterns, revealing that societies do have room to maneuver.

--Randall Collins, University of Pennsylvania and author of The Sociology of Philosophies (Harvard)

Lamont's richly-textured comparison does more than hold up for view the moral perspectives of working-class men across the racial divide in the United States and France. It poses fresh and rich challenges to research, demonstrates the difference systematic qualitative analysis can make, and points the way to a politics of sensibility and possibility.

--Ira I. Katznelson, Columbia University

The Dignity of Working Men is a wonderful book. What is most striking is the richness of the interviews. Lamont's questions seem really to have touched working men where they live, to have encouraged them to talk about their sense of self, their pride in themselves as workers, their sense of moral order, their aspirations and (occasional) political passions, their families, their beliefs in equality and inequality, their racial attitudes, and much more. By asking black workers what they think of whites as well as what whites think of blacks, and by comparing racial and ethnic cleavages in France and the United States, The Dignity of Working Men adds a vital new dimension to studies of class and race.

--Ann Swidler, University of California, Berkeley

It is hard to imagine a comparative research design as well conceived as the one that frames Michèle Lamont's bookÃ�. The book is a model of cross cultural comparative analysis and deserves high praise.

--Rick Fantasia, Contemporary Sociology

The Dignity of Working Men is an important entry into examinations of the intersection of class, race, and immigration. (Lamont) gives us new leverage on both some viable antiracist threads of thinking among the white working class and on the complexity and humanism animating how African Americans engage the great divides of race and class. We shall all be discussing this meticulously researched, cogently argued, and provocative book for some years to come.

--Lawrence Bobo, Contemporary Sociology

Harvard University Press Web Site, May, 2003

2000 C. Wright Mills Award sponsored by the C. Wright Mills Award Committee of the Society for the Study of Social Problems

Michèle Lamont takes us into the world inhabited by working-class men--the world as they understand it. Interviewing black and white working-class men who, because they are not college graduates, have limited access to high-paying jobs and other social benefits, she constructs a revealing portrait of how they see themselves and the rest of society.

Morality is at the center of these workers' worlds. They find their identity and self-worth in their ability to discipline themselves and conduct responsible but caring lives. These moral standards function as an alternative to economic definitions of success, offering them a way to maintain dignity in an out-of-reach American dreamland. But these standards also enable them to draw class boundaries toward the poor and, to a lesser extent, the upper half. Workers also draw rigid racial boundaries, with white workers placing emphasis on the "disciplined self" and blacks on the "caring self." Whites thereby often construe blacks as morally inferior because they are lazy, while blacks depict whites as domineering, uncaring, and overly disciplined.

This book also opens up a wider perspective by examining American workers in comparison with French workers, who take the poor as "part of us" and are far less critical of blacks than they are of upper-middle-class people and immigrants. By singling out different "moral offenders" in the two societies, workers reveal contrasting definitions of "cultural membership" that help us understand and challenge the forms of inequality found in both societies.

Introduction: Making Sense of Their Worlds
The Questions
The People
The Research

I. American Workers

1. The World in Moral Order

"Disciplined Selves": Survival, Work Ethic, and Responsibility
Providing for and Protecting the Family
Straightforwardness and Personal Integrity
Salvation from Pollution: Religion and Traditional Morality
Caring Selves: Black Conceptions of Solidarity and Altruism
The Policing of Moral Boundaries

2. Euphemized Racism: Moral qua Racial Boundaries

How Morality Defines Racism
Whites on Blacks
Blacks on Whites
Immigration
The Policing of Racial Boundaries

3. Assessing"People Above" and"People Below"

Morality and Class Relations
"People Above"
"People Below"
The Policing of Class Boundaries

II. The United States Compared

4. Workers Compared

Profile of French Workers
Profile of North African Immigrants
Working Class Morality
The Policing of Moral Boundaries Compared

5. Racism Compared

French Workers on Muslims
French Workers' Antiracism: Egalitarianism and Solidarity
North African Responses
The Policing of Racial Boundaries Compared

6. Class Boundaries Compared

Class Boundaries in a Dying Class Struggle
Workers on"People Above"
Solidarity à la française: Against"Exclusion"
The Policing of Class Boundaries Compared
Conclusion: Toward a New Agenda

Appendix A: Methods and Analysis
Appendix B: The Context of the Interview: Economic Insecurity, Globalization, and Places
Appendix C: Interviewees
Notes
References
Index